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Trim & Test: Scrape off the sharp outer ridges of the ridge gourd. Taste a raw slice to ensure no bitterness. Finely mince the vegetable into 2 mm dice.
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Moisture Extraction: In a wide bowl, combine the minced ridge gourd, chopped onion, green chilies, ginger, shredded curry leaves, cumin seeds, and salt. Toss and rest for 3 minutes until a light layer of vegetable juice pools at the base.
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Knead Dough: Add rice flour, roasted gram flour, and 1 teaspoon of hot oil. Firmly knead with your fingertips without adding any water until a pliable, cohesive dough forms.
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Heat Oil: Heat 2.5 inches of oil in a kadai over medium heat until it registers 175°C–180°C (350°F), or until a dropped piece of dough rises within 2–3 seconds.
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Shape: Divide dough into 10 equal portions (approx. 30 g each). Flatten between greased palms into ½-inch thick discs.
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Fry: Slide 3 to 4 vadas into the hot oil. Fry undisturbed for 90 seconds, then flip. Fry for 4 to 5 minutes total, turning occasionally, until the bubbling subsides and the crust turns deep golden brown.
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Drain: Transfer with a slotted skimmer to a wire rack to drain. Serve hot.